Intelligence, then, is the ability to attain goals in the face of obstacles by means of decisions based on rational (truth-obeying) rules. The computer scientists Allen Newell and Herbert Simon fleshed this idea out further by noting that intelligence consists of specifying a goal, assessing the current situation to see how it differs from the goal, and applying a set of operations that reduce the difference. Perhaps reassuringly, by this definition human beings, not just aliens, are intelligent. We have desires, and we pursue them using beliefs, which, when all goes well, are at least approximately or probabilistically true. [62]
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2 comments
Mir fehlt in dieser Definition von Intelligenz, dass sie Neues völlig unmöglich macht.
Nach Pinker ist die Fähigkeit der Findung/Benutzung des Weges vom Status Quo zum Zielzustand Intelligenz. Dies impliziert jedoch, dass das Ziel bekannt ist. Neue Erfindungen können nach dieser Definition nicht gefunden werden, da sie als Ziel noch gar nicht „erfunden“ worden sind und somit auch nicht als Ziel gesetzt werden können.
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Ist das möglicherweise nur ein Mißverständnis des Teils „the ability to attain goals“? Die Definition, wie sie dort steht, sagt ja einfach nichts darüber, wo die Ziele herkommen.